Common failure factors and solutions of precision CNC lathes?

Precision CNC lathe is a relatively complex system software. A CNC machine tool not only has mechanical equipment, hydraulic transmission system, but also a part of electrical control system and software system. For those parts of the CNC machine tool, due to various reasons, it is difficult to avoid common failures of different levels and types, resulting in the failure of the CNC machine tool to work normally. This reason may include: rust, damage and failure of mechanical equipment; embrittlement, destruction and failure of electronic devices; poor contact of electrical components and connectors; environmental damage, such as current or working voltage fluctuations, temperature changes, hydraulic press working pressure and data traffic changes and their oil stains, etc.; arbitrary influence and noise; software systems lost or damaged, etc. In addition, incorrect use will also cause the CNC machine tool to not work normally. The key to the overhaul of CNC machine tools is the diagnosis of common faults, that is, the search for common fault sources and the accurate positioning of common faults. Generally speaking, different failure modes are selected according to different common failure types.

1. Common causes of failures of automatic CNC lathes: The sharp knife of the CNC tool is damaged, and it does not cut iron like mud; the CNC lathe causes vibration, and the placement cannot be maintained for a long time; the CNC lathe has climbing problems; the production process is not very good. Solution: If the CNC tool does not cut iron like mud after damage or injury, it is necessary to sharpen the tool skills or change the CNC tool to set the tool again; the vibration or placement generated by the CNC lathe cannot be maintained for a long time, place it again, and adjust the stability; CNC machinery The reason for the crawling is that the linear guide of the CNC lathe tool table is damaged and the trapezoidal screw ball is damaged or dropped. The CNC lathe should be prepared for maintenance, the stainless steel wire should be cleaned after the work and rest time, and grease should be added immediately to reduce friction; use For the coolant suitable for casting processing, if it can exceed the processing requirements of other technological processes, try to choose a higher spindle bearing speed ratio.

2. There is no problem with the phase difference light of the control board, but the specifications and models of the polished workpieces are large and small. Common fault reasons: the long-term high-speed operation of the CNC lathe pallet causes the ball screw and rolling bearing to be worn out; the coincidence accuracy level of the tool rest is in Deviations occur during long-term use; the pallet can return to the starting point of polishing every time, but the specifications of the polished castings still change. This type of problem is generally caused by the spindle bearing. The rapid rotation of the spindle bearing causes serious damage to the rolling bearing, resulting in a change in polishing specifications. Metal material processing mobile phone WeChat, the content is good, you have to care. Solution plan: use the inner diameter dial indicator to lean against the bottom of the tool table, and at the same time write a fixed and immobile cycle according to the program flow, the repeatability level of the pallet, adjust the ball screw gap, and remove the rolling bearing; use the inner diameter dial indicator The repeatability level of the tool post, adjust the CNC machine or disassemble the tool post; use the inner diameter dial indicator to check whether the casting is returned to the starting point of the system software after polishing, if possible, maintain the spindle bearing and remove the rolling bearing.

3. The casting parts of the automatic CNC lathe lead to the problem of the eccentricity of the finish and the size of the head. Common reasons for the failure: the level of the CNC lathe is not well controlled, and the unevenness leads to unstable placement; when drilling the short axis, the raw materials are relatively hard, and the CNC tools eat The knife is relatively deep, which causes the adverse effect of the knife; the thimble of the CNC lathe tool rest mold is different from the spindle bearing. Solution plan: use the level to change the flatness of the CNC lathe, develop a solid roadbed, and strengthen the CNC lathe to improve its ductility; clarify the reasonable processing process and reasonable drilling and cutting amount to prevent the CNC tool from loading the tool; change the CNC Lathe tool table.